Fragment Separator FRS(H.J. Wollersheim)

FRagment Separator FRS

	FRagment Separator FRS (technical drawings)
	Experimental site at S2 (top view) Experimental site at S2 (side view) Experimental site at S4 (top view)	FRS-target FRS-S1 FRS-S2 FRS-S3 FRS-S4 Aufbau-FRS-S1-S4 Aufbau-FRS-S1-S4 (3D)

Production cross sections for Sn-isotopes

Projectile Fragmentation and Fission

luminosity = primary beam intensity/s * target atoms/cm²

²⁰⁸Pb: 1.3 g/cm² → 3.8*10²¹ target atoms/cm²
⁹Be: 1.0 g/cm² → 6.7*10²² target atoms/cm²

secondary beam intensity [s^-1] ≈ luminosity [s^-1cm^-2] * fragmentation cross section [cm²]

more details: nuclear reaction rate

present ¹³²Sn beam intensity: 5.8*10⁴ particles/s
max. theo. ¹³²Sn beam intensity: 8.7*10⁵ particles/s

The optimum thickness of the production target is limited by the loss of fragments due to secondary reactions

209-Bi (1GeV/u) without and with Al-target (4g/cm2)

FRS-separator

	Highly-Charged Ions
	Highly-charged ions at relativistic energies Highly-charged ions at relativistic energies: 950MeV/u versus 160MeV/u Charge state population versus beam energy (H.Weick)

	Standard FRS detectors
	C. Nociforo: standard FRS detectors R. Janik: Time projection chamber M. Winkler: From FRS to Super-FRS P. Boutachkov: Standard detectors for particle identification at PreSPEC H. Stelzer: "Multiwire chambers with a two-stage gas amplification" NIM A310, 103 (1991)

books

FRS-training and Publications

FRS training (2010):
The GSI projectile fragment separator (FRS): a proposal for the SIS-ESR experimental programme (1987)
H. Geissel et al.
The GSI projectile fragment separator (FRS): a versatile magnetic system for relativistic heavy ions
H. Geissel et al. NIM B70, 286 (1992)
Einfluss der Umladung beim Abbremsen von Schwerionen im Energiebereich (100-1000) MeV/u
H. Weick, PhD thesis
Rare ISotopes INvestigation at GSI (RISING) using gamma-ray spectroscopy at relativistic energies
H.J. Wollersheim et al. NIM A537, 637 (2005)

last update: 7.2.2011 Hans-Juergen Wollersheim HJW